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Arlon Online Engineering Library - TechRef! Static Loading Failure Theories Maximum-Normal-Stress Theory The maximum-normal-stress theory states that failure occurs when one of the three principal stresses equals the strength of the material. If 1 > 2 > 3, then the theory predicts that failure occurs whenever 1 >= St or 3 <= -Sc where St and Sc are the tensile and compressive strengths, respectively. Maximum-Shear-Stress Theory The maximum-shear-stress theory states that yielding begins when the maximum shear stress equals the maximum shear stress in a tension test-specimen of the same material when that specimen begins to yield. If 1 >= 2 >= 3, then the theory predicts that yielding will occur whenever max >= Sy/2 where Sy is the yield strength. Distortion-Energy Theory The distortion-energy theory states that yielding begins whenever the distortion energy in a unit volume equals the distortion energy in the same volume when uniaxially stressed to the yield strength. The theory predicts that yielding will occur whenever

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